We describe a new mechanistic bio-economic model for simulating the spread of Mycobacterium avium ssp.paratuberculosis (MAP) within a dairy cattle herd.The model includes age-dependent susceptibility for infection; age-dependent sensitivity for detection; environmental MAP build-up in five separate areas of the farm; in utero infection; infection v

Humanitarian jonquille comestible crises are politically and socially charged, and as actors, donors and organizations move in to help, duplication of services can ensue.Despite the influx of humanitarian actors into the war zone of eastern Ukraine, more are still needed to address immediate threat to the health of more than 5 million at-risk peopl

Acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality.Numerous studies have documented acute exacerbation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but less is known about these events in other ILDs that may present foerster dermatome map a progressive-fibrosing phenotype.We propose defining acut

While bats carry a diverse range of ectoparasites, little research has been conducted on the effects these organisms may have on bat populations.The southern bent-winged bat (Miniopterus orianae bassanii) is a critically endangered subspecies endemic terracotta disposable napkins to south-eastern Australia, whose numbers have declined over the past

Zakah is a unique Islamic institution targeted to eight groups of recipients with the aim to redistribute income, reduce poverty and achieve social welfare.However, the impacts and effectiveness of zakah targeting in reducing poverty is rarely measured.This is the main objective of the study.To achieve it, a survey was conducted to collect primary